Judge to Dismiss McAfee
 Overbilling Suit Against Wilmer Cutler

Niraj Chokshi
The Recorder
July 28, 2008

A judge said he will dismiss McAfee Inc.'s lawsuit against Wilmer, Cutler, Pickering, Hale and Dorr over alleged overbilling, but the anti-virus software maker's fee fights are far from finished.

McAfee had filed suit claiming that WilmerHale had overbilled in its $12 million criminal defense tab for representing former Chief Financial Officer Prabhat Goyal. Judge Michael Schneider of the Eastern District of Texas announced at the end of a 90-minute hearing on Thursday afternoon that he would dismiss the suit, filed on April 8, though an order had not been posted by Friday evening. The decision, which sided with WilmerHale's four arguments to dismiss the case, came during what was supposed to be a scheduling conference.

"Nothing in yesterday's decision affects in any way our resolve to pursue this, and we in fact are even considering an appeal of yesterday's ruling," McAfee spokesman Michael Busselen said.

While the Texas fee fight has been temporarily put to rest, McAfee is still battling suits filed in Delaware by Goyal and another former executive investigated by the government for securities fraud. Goyal alleges that the Santa Clara company stopped paying fees in his appeal of a May 2007 conviction for securities fraud. Former general counsel Kent Roberts, whose criminal trial begins in September, also says the company is not meeting its contractual indemnity obligations to pay the Cooley Godward Kronish lawyers mounting his defense.

Goyal's May 2 complaint alleged that, among other things, McAfee hadn't paid WilmerHale for his defense since September. After the filing, the company paid the firm and filed a motion to dismiss that suit. Goyal's lawyers at Delaware firm Abrams & Laster have filed a response contending that there was more to the suit than unpaid bills.

The attorney for WilmerHale in Texas, Paul Yetter of Houston's Yetter, Warden & Coleman, said Thursday's dismissal of McAfee's lawsuit is important for Goyal's appeal of his conviction.

"The most important point is that the court's ruling allows Mr. Goyal's defense in California to proceed without the huge risk to him of disruption from the Texas case," he said.

In Roberts' June 11 complaint, he alleges McAfee stopped paying his legal fees in October. It says that on Jan. 4, McAfee partially paid several months' worth of past-due invoices, including half of Roberts' fees in a criminal case and 90 percent of his fees in a civil case. After that, the complaint alleges, no more payments were made, and McAfee owed more than $3 million in attorney fees. Calls to Roberts' attorneys at Cooley were not returned on Friday.

Delaware attorney Kenneth Nachbar, who is representing McAfee in both suits, would not comment on the Goyal case, but seemed optimistic on reaching an agreement in the Roberts case. "We always try to resolve things if we can, and my client is reasonable and, if the other side's reasonable, then a settlement can happen," he said.

Bryan Daly, a white-collar criminal defense lawyer with Mayer Brown in Los Angeles who is not involved in any of the McAfee litigation, said that if Roberts and McAfee had entered an indemnity agreement, which the complaint says they had, the company's failure to pay Roberts' legal fees would be "just a straight breach of agreement."

"We understand we have an obligation to advance reasonable fees," McAfee spokesman Busselen said. "Our argument is we believe we have a legitimate dispute about what is reasonable."

The issue of reasonableness is relevant to each of the suits, Busselen said. Though he wasn't able to address why the company sued WilmerHale and not Cooley, he did say several factors were likely at play.

"Our choice of legal tactics is based on a combination of the degree of unreasonableness of situations as well as the openness of the parties to discuss a fair and reasonable settlement," he said.

The fee fights all began after Roberts was replaced by Mark Cochran as McAfee's general counsel last September, a point made in Goyal's complaint. Prior to joining McAfee, Cochran had been the general counsel of Santa Clara's Hyperion Solutions Corp. and had lost against WilmerHale attorneys representing OutlookSoft Corp. in a 2006 patent fight in the Eastern District of Texas.

Cochran was on vacation and unavailable for comment, according to a McAfee receptionist. Goyal will still be represented by WilmerHale, according to the firm's Texas attorney, and calls to the Cooley lawyers representing Roberts and the attorney representing McAfee in the Texas case were not returned in time for publication.

Legal Fee Bylaws May Need Change

Sheri Qualters
The National Law Journal
July 28, 2008

A trio of decisions from the Delaware Court of Chancery concerning when officers, directors and law firms working for a company are entitled to advancement of legal fees has put companies on notice to revisit their bylaws.

On an issue of first impression under Delaware law, the most recent decision extended advancement rights to a company's litigation counsel, Dallas-based Jackson Walker, because it was acting as an agent of the company.

Two additional recent decisions turn on the companies' own articles of incorporation and bylaws to order advancement in one case and deny it in the other.

Vice Chancellor Donald F. Parsons Jr. ruled that Spira Footwear Inc.'s former outside litigation counsel, Jackson Walker, was entitled to advancement of legal fees and expenses it spent fighting a breach of fiduciary duty and negligence case the company brought against it.

Parsons noted that Spira "was, and is, free to craft a narrower bylaw, and then to provide narrower advancement and indemnification rights in its contracts with outside contractors" but that its bylaws "contain no such limitations." Jackson Walker LLP v. Spira Footwear Inc., No. 3150-VCP (New Castle Co., Del., Ch.).

Jackson Walker initially represented Spira in a control dispute among shareholders litigated in El Paso, Texas. After a challenger-shareholder gained control of the company, Spira terminated the firm and filed the case against it.

Relationship Soured

Jackson Walker turned to the Delaware courts for recourse when the firm's relationship with Spira soured and it became the litigation target of the new majority owner. The firm argued that both Spira's bylaws and the Delaware general corporation law required the company to pay its legal fees to fight Spira because it was acting as Spira's agent when it was sued. Spira claimed that Jackson Walker wasn't its agent as defined by Delaware law.

The Delaware Chancery Court granted Jackson Walker advancement of attorney fees associated with the company's case against it in district court in El Paso and in the Delaware Chancery case.

Jackson Walker was entitled to advancement because litigation counsel is "the penultimate example of an agent" under Delaware case law and under common law in most states, said Bruce Jameson, a director at Prickett, Jones & Elliott of Wilmington, Del., and one of Jackson Walker's lawyers on the case.

For advancement purposes, Delaware case law defines agents as those who can negotiate with third parties on behalf of the corporation and can bind the corporation to agreements or obligations, Jameson said.

"[The decision] is a good reminder to companies that you need to read what the bylaws say and make sure you understand all the potential ramifications," Jameson said. The chancery court has been sending the message that companies need to write better bylaws when it comes to advancement and indemnification."

Jackson Walker and Spira are hammering out the details of a settlement, Jameson said.

Spira's attorneys at Potter Anderson & Corroon in Wilmington did not return calls. Company founder Andrew B. Krafsur, who is also a lawyer, declined to discuss the case except to congratulate Jackson Walker for a "hard-fought victory."

Thorny Issue

One of the decisions tackled the thorny issue of whether former directors entitled to advancement of legal fees according to the company's charter could continue collecting money from the company to defend a case against them, even if their personal assets weren't at risk.

According to the case, American Country Holdings Inc.'s parent Kingsway Financial Services Inc. tried to deny former directors advancement despite the "clear terms" of the company's certificate of incorporation because the directors refused to accept the settlement proposals for underlying securities litigation. Barrett v. American Country Holdings Inc., No. 3071-VCS (New Castle Co., Del., Ch.).

Kingsway and subsidiaries brought a fraud case against the former directors for their disclosures during the acquisition process and later offered to settle the case if at least one of the former directors agreed to a judgment against himself in favor of the corporation and all of them assigned any claims against the directors and officers insurance company to Kingsway.

In return, Kingsway offered not to use the judgment to collect against any of the former directors' personal assets and to settle with no admission of liability by the directors.

The former directors initially used a directors and officers insurance policy to cover their legal fees in their fight against the company, but they sought advancement of legal fees from the company as they neared the limits of the policy.

When the company balked, the former directors filed a declaratory judgment action with the Delaware Chancery Court asking the court to rule that they were entitled to advancement because they wanted to ensure "seamless coverage once the policy limits were exhausted," according to the case.

"The corporation's position is remarkable, but in a regrettable way," wrote Vice Chancellor Leo E. Strine Jr. "Its stockholders will now endure not only the cost of honoring the corporation's promise to the former directors, but also the costs needlessly run up by the corporation because it chose to assert a baseless and illogical defense that wasted the resources of the former directors, this court, and the corporation itself."

The decision is simply "recognition that the Delaware courts enforce bylaws and charter provisions as written and are going to hold companies to those obligations," said Potter Anderson partner Matthew Fischer, a plaintiffs' lawyer on the case.

The former directors' reputations and good names were at stake, according to Strine's opinion, but their personal assets were not, said Harold J. Ruvoldt, a partner in Nixon Peabody's New York office who represented American Country on the case.

"What the vice chancellor held is that a former director can, at the expense of a company, defend a litigation despite the fact that he has no financial interest at stake and do so at the company's expense," Ruvoldt said.

Ruvoldt noted that the opinion "hasn't been subjected to appellate review," but said his client hasn't decided whether to appeal.

Whether attorneys or companies agree or disagree with the notion that directors should be able to spend corporate funds to defend their reputations, the lessons of the recent opinions are the same, Ruvoldt said. "[The decisions] encourage corporations to revisit their bylaws with regards to advancement in particular and indemnification in general," he said.

Bylaws Help Company Win

In the third decision, venture capital firm Expansion Capital Partners LLC succeeded in defeating an advancement bid from the former managing partner and chairman by pointing to the company's bylaws. The former managing partner sued the company after he was removed and sought advancement of his legal fees. But the court noted that the limited liability company (LLC) agreement provides for advancement only to covered persons who are defending themselves in lawsuits related to their company duties. Donohue v. Corning, No. 3733-VCS (New Castle Co., Del., Ch.).

The company's attorney Steven L. Caponi, a Wilmington partner at Philadelphia-based Blank Rome, said the case reaffirms his firm's standard advice to clients that LLC agreements shouldn't follow a standard template.

Courts have said that the LLC is a "creature of contract" and that parties have broad discretion on how to define the relationships among themselves, Caponi said.

"There's a tendency to adopt stock language," Caponi said. "You need to treat an LLC as a from-scratch contract and analyze every provision to see if you're capturing the parties' intent because it's very easy to have unintended consequences."

Lawyers for Expansion Capital's former managing partner and chairman at Richards, Layton & Finger in Wilmington and Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati in Palo Alto, Calif., did not return calls for comment.

VC Slams Attorneys on Salaries, Overlawyering

Zusha Elinson
The Recorder
Law.com
June 4, 2008

A venture capitalist fed up with overpriced and overly fastidious lawyers broke the code of silence among money men to vent his frustrations on a blog Sunday.

The 1,120-word harangue from Jason Mendelson, a lawyer and venture capitalist with the Foundry Group and Mobius Venture Capital, takes aim at the rapidly rising salaries of outside lawyers that lead to higher legal bills. Comparing his starting salary as an associate with today's big-firm pay, he found salary growth of 132 percent in a decade.

"I've been working on a thesis for quite some time that the entire business model of law firms is going to have to change," he wrote, "or it's going to get uglier."

The post also criticizes overlawyering on what Mendelson calls simple deals in which a venture capitalist is putting money into a startup.

"Financings (especially early-staged deals) are largely cookie cutter," he wrote in a post on his blog, Mendelson's Musings, which was later picked up by the Web site Private Equity Hub. "Then why on Earth did I have to spend last week negotiating registration rights with a partner at a major law firm? In fact, I got to do that twice last week along with other stupid boilerplate language that no one really cares about."

The bottom line, Mendelson writes, is that the unnecessary work leads to higher legal bills.

"Sigh. I got to watch our money that we financed the company with being transferred to the law firm," he wrote. "Perhaps the most annoying comment that I heard last week was from an experienced venture lawyer who told me that he got a set of documents that were perfect and that he and his teamed 'struggled' to find things to mark up because they couldn't just say the documents were fine after round one -- even though they were."

By Tuesday afternoon, Mendelson's grievances had made the rounds among Silicon Valley's venture lawyers, with some saying the former attorney had a point, though his examples were not the norm.

"I think it's fair to say that many of us who are in the practice have shared some of the frustrations that he echoed," said James Fulton Jr., a startup and venture partner at Cooley Godward Kronish. "I don't think it's fair, like any stereotype, to paint the whole group with the same negative brush."

Fulton knows Mendelson well -- he hired him as a lawyer at Cooley many years ago. After leaving Cooley, Mendelson became a venture capitalist. He's a co-founder and the current managing director of the Foundry Group, as well as managing director and general counsel at Mobius, both in Boulder, Colo.

Reached Tuesday, Mendelson said he decided to make the rare move of posting a public complaint about Valley lawyering because he has been growing more frustrated with outside lawyers.

"[I've] been doing venture deals for eight years," Mendelson said. "There were a few things that happened in the last few months that were sort of the last straw."

Mendelson emphasized that not all outside lawyers overlawyer -- he writes that about half are guilty of that -- and that not all law firms overcharge.

"There are some law firms that, while they have the same cost structures, they work really hard to work with us on the issue of cost, and we appreciate that," he said. "But it is the exception, not the rule."

Mendelson declined to name any of the law firms that he referred to in his post. He said he's been getting lots of feedback, mostly negative, from law firms and mostly positive comments from entrepreneurs.

Cooley's Fulton said he always tries to keep costs down for clients but noted that the VCs themselves have a lot to do with how much is spent on a deal.

"Some of it is aptly laid at the feet of the lawyers, but if they drag the deal on for months and they change the terms four times, it's a different story," Fulton said.

Mendelson also writes about a legal bill one of his venture fund's companies recently received: $72,000 for a first round of financing. Several venture lawyers said that's pretty high, but that it depends on the situation. And one VC said money spent up front can often be worth it in the end.

"I agree that larger law firms can be too expensive from time to time," said Steve Spurlock, operating partner at Benchmark Capital. "But our companies have spent a lot more fixing the problem from these mid-tier firms than they ever would doing it right the first time."

Mendelson said he's going to be working on a series of posts over the next few weeks, making suggestions about how law firms and VCs can work together to address the issue of rising costs more proactively.

In Menlo Park, Calif., O'Melveny & Myers' office managing partner Warren Lazarow said he had e-mailed Mendelson's article around to his colleagues, noting that he agreed with some of the VC's points.

"There's probably a little too much overlawyering on certain types of things," Lazarow said. "Given the increased expense of attorneys, you've got to use your experience and judgment on what you're going to use your time on."

Lazarow said he would never spend time negotiating registration rights -- like the unnamed lawyer in Mendelson's gripe. In fact, Lazarow said, he wouldn't let any other lawyer in his office do it either.

"I'd shoot him if I heard an attorney here negotiating reg rights over the phone," Lazarow said with a laugh.

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